How Music Effected Civil Rights free essay sample

He was perhaps one of the most famous Jazz musicians and composers of all time. His name was Duke Elongating. He was a very clean musician, well spoken, and very well educated. He was already big into the Jazz industry by the early age of 17. By the time he was in his early ass, he was at the peak of his creativity in composing, and the peak Of his career. During this time he became the first African American to set foot in Carnegie Hall. It took a lot of bargaining but he arranged a deal to play a concert there.Undoubtedly, Elongating made ample amounts of money for Carnegie. This event is quite often looked at as the start of the Civil Rights Movement. For the first time, a black man was allowed to play his music in a predominantly white arena. As a result of this, many White people became turned on to the Jazz age. We will write a custom essay sample on How Music Effected Civil Rights or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This started the integration of society because for the first time, people found something to connect them with another race. This special bond between the races was music (Cheetahs). Musicians were not the only ones who used the Jazz Age as a chance to equal the races.Journalists also played a part in the movement, such as James A. Billboard Jackson of Billboard. Jackson was renowned for voicing his opinion that Jazz and Blues artists were deserving of cultural elevation and wider success. He often used his column to report occurrences of racism in he music industry, and pushed for African American success in this industry across the nation (McRae). The sound of America is sweeter, more soulful, and more sorrowful because of Black Artists, says Michael Eric Tyson, a reporter for Ebony magazine.Although Jazz had a huge impact on society, it is not the only type of African American music that influenced Americas culture. Jazz was the beginning for all types of music to come after it, including everything from Bebop, to Rock and Roll, to Rhythm and Blues, and even Rap. Rock and Roll began in the mid sass and is still popular music today. Without Chuck Berrys 1955 Denumerable and Little Richards Tutu Fruit the same year, all that came after them, including Elvis, makes no sense (Tyson). At that time, some of the white population was still leery of what they called race music. However, when Elvis Presley came into the picture, as well as many Other white cover artists, the white community became very interested in what African American music had to offer. Although White artists like Elvis were taking the Black artists music and singing it as their own, some black artists like Little Richard were not at all offended. By doing his, Presley and other artists alike made songs that were written and recorded by Black singers and songwriters available to a whole new group of individuals (Cheetahs). Rock and Roll was a major turning point in the fight for the Civil Rights Movement.This so-called race music was unacceptable, as far as many white adults were concerned. However, the southern, white, teenagers in society, who were beginning to cross the racial lines that had been drawn, embraced the music. That makes it seem no accident that in 1954-1955, during a time when laws supporting a segregated society were beginning to e destructed, young white audiences across America were welcoming the race music with open arms. By accepting Rock and Roll with enthusiasm, white teenagers endorsed a sensibility shaped by black Americans.The rise of Rock and Roll turned the cultural identity of American youth in an interracial direction. The tide that carried Rock and Rollers to fame Was grounded in a process Of social change that reached far beyond music (Crawford 735). The development of Rock and Roll brought about Mouton in 1959. More than ever, black music enthralled the white listeners. Mouton was the home of a few of pop musics most recognized voices. Marvin Gay and Steve Wonder were widely listened to by both races. [Both of their] politics and pleads for change [in society] were rooted in lover says Tyson.Two other Mouton singers, Sam Cooke and Retreat Franklin, both emerged from their base in the church (Tyson). Gospel music originated from African American hymns, and had a beat that was hard to dislike, even to a person who had no rhythm whatsoever. Retreat Franklin told people that her vocal style was heavily influenced by her fathers preaching techniques. Franklins performances used to turn concert halls into celebrations that resembled African American worship services, and audiences absolutely loved it (Reagan 29). People would become involved in a kind of spiritual thing with her Calla kinds [of people]: dudes, sisters in Faros, and those in blonde wiggeries men like 50 and 60 years old would run down to the stage and try to touch her (Reagan 28). Gospel music influenced many other singers as well, like Little Richard, James Brown, and Big Mama Thornton (Reagan 29). Ray Charles was another well-known musician who was very much rooted in the traditions of gospel music. One of his popular songs, This Little Girl of Mine, was actually oaken from the old Gospel hymn, This Little Light of Mine. Charles, along with a few other artists, created a new style of music using the vocal style of gospel. The new popular variety was called Soul Music. The energy of Soul captivated its audiences. It was so powerful that it began to overflow into all of the African American communities, and spilled over into the rest of America. James Brown played a major role in this growing trend. In 1 969, he became the first Black man in Cash Box, a magazine that was a weekly coin-machine and music-industry publication, to be named as a male vocalist on single pop records.He was cited as this for his Clop mean sales to the whole record- buying community, not just the Negro Rhythm and Blues Market. This was a major breakthrough. To be recognized for such an accomplishment was a strong movement in the right direction toward marketing music to all types of people, not just one race or the other. Browns influence was so great that many white singers, including the Righteous Brothers, Joe Cocker, Tom Jones, and Elvis Presley imitated his style, giving rise to the concept of blue-eyed soul singers. James Brown and Retreat Franklin were proclaimed the Godfather and Queen of Soul.They made Gospel music and its delivery style an irreplaceable genre in American popular music (Reagan 31). [Many Black figures in America] have transformed our society through their love affair with excellence. Without their contributions, the U. S. Would not look the Same, sound the same, or struggle in the same way to fulfill its promise of opportunity and justice for all (Tyson). Music is still effecting racial integration today. It is the one thing that ties all different communities together. Even though black artists dominate Hip-Hop and Rap, it is widely listened to by people of all different races. How Music Effected Civil Rights free essay sample However, the youth In America began opening up to change. One of the major Influences In the changing America at that time was music. Jazz was the start of it all. Jazz triggered many different types of music, such as rock and roll and rhythm and blues. Jazz started the revolution of music in America, which prompted the racial integration of society. This transformation of society began largely due to one man.He was perhaps one of the most famous Jazz musicians and composers of all time. HIS name was Duke Longtime. He was a very clean musician, well spoken. And very well educated. He was already big into the Jazz industry by the early age of 17. By the time he was in his early ass, he was at the peak of his creativity in composing, and the peak of his career. During this time he became the first African American to set foot in Carnegie Hall. We will write a custom essay sample on How Music Effected Civil Rights or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It took a lot of bargaining, but he arranged a deal to play a concert there.Undoubtedly, Longtime made ample amounts of money for Carnegie. This event Is quite often looked at as the start of the Civil Rights Movement. For the first time, a lack man was allowed to play his music In a predominantly white arena. As a result of this, many White people became turned on to the Jazz age. This started the integration of society because for the first time, people found something to connect them with another race. This special bond between the races was music (Cheetahs). Musicians were not the only ones who used the Jazz Age as a chance to equal the races.Journalists also played a part in the movement, such as James A. Billboard Jackson of Billboard. Jackson was renowned for volcano his pollen thats and Blues artists were deserving of cultural elevation and wider success. He often used his column to report occurrences of racism in the music industry, and pushed for African American success in this industry across the nation (McRae). The sound of America is sweeter, more soulful, and more sorrowful because of Black Artists, says Michael Eric Tyson, a reporter for Ebony magazine.Although Jazz had a huge Impact on society, It Is not the only type of African American music that Influenced Americas culture. Jazz was the beginning for all types of music to come after it, including everything from Bebop, to Rock and Roll, to Rhythm and Blues, and even Rap. Rock and Roll began in the mid sass and is still popular music today. Without Chuck Berrys 1 955 inflammable and Little Richards tutu Fruit the same year, all that came after them, including Elvis, makes no sense (Tyson). At that time, some of the white population was still leery of what they called race music. However, when Elvis Presley came Into the picture, as well as many other white cover artists, the white community became very interested in what African American music had to offer. Although White artists like Elvis were taking the Black artists music and singing t as their own, some black artists like Little Richard were not at all offended. By doing this, Presley and other artists alike made songs that were written and recorded by Black singers and songwriters available to a whole new group of individuals Rock and Roll was a major turning point in the fight for the Civil Rights Movement.This so-called race music was unacceptable, as far as many white adults were concerned. However, the southern, white, teenagers in society, who were beginning to cross the racial lines that had been drawn, embraced the music. That makes it seem no accident that in 1954-1955, during a time when laws supporting a segregated society were beginning to be destructed, young white audiences across America were welcoming the race music with open arms. By accepting Rock and Roll with enthusiasm, white teenagers endorsed a sensibility shaped by black Americans.The rise of Rock and Roll turned the cultural identity of American youth in an interracial direction. The tide that carried Rock and Rollers to fame was grounded in a process of social change that reached far beyond music (Crawford 735). The development of Rock and Roll brought about Midtown in 1959. More than ever, black music enthralled the white listeners. Midtown was the home of a few of pop musics most recognized voices. Marvin Gage and Steve Wonder were widely listened to by both races. [Both of their] politics and pleads for change [in society] were rooted in love, says Tyson.

Advanced Selling Strategies †Business 500 Level Book Summary

Advanced Selling Strategies – Business 500 Level Book Summary Free Online Research Papers Advanced Selling Strategies–Business 500 Level Book Summary Most sales success comes from the mind. Performance is a function of attitude, skills and action. By accepting complete responsibility, we undertake our own creative force and end up making things happen. The intensity to produce results creates results, which feeds the desire to create more results. There are seven mental laws of selling. The Great Law, or of cause and effect; Compensation, or of sowing and reaping; Control, which affects feelings; Belief, and with emotion creates reality; Concentration, with which what is dwelled upon grows and expands in the mind; Attraction, where you attract similar minded people; Correspondence, where your outer mind is a mirror of the inner mind. There are seven exercises to achieve mental fitness. These are positive: self talk, self imaging, mental food, people, training and development, health habits, and positive actions. Salespeople should always perform an analysis of there strengths and weaknesses and at the same time ensure their mission statements match their values and beliefs. The biggest fear of selling is the fear of rejection. Conversely, the biggest fear of buying is the fear of failure – people don’t like to be criticised or question by their friends. Everyone wants to be a Mr. or Mrs. Jones, so why look different, save the embarrassment. And everyone who has a negative buying experience files the experience away to further fuel more anger and resentment the next time. Which is why there are so many buyer reactions, but most of them could be categorized into specific sets. The critical factor in selling today is to help people reduce their perceived exposure to risk. Risk increases with the size of the sale and becomes directly apparent to a buyer in direct proportion to their unfamiliarity with the sales person. Therefore successful salespeople position their products as the low risk product, but before they do this, they build trust with buyers. Salespeople need to ‘relieve the tension’. So, rather than the old dog style of selling, today 40% of the sales process is building trust, 30% diagnosis, 30% presenting and closing (or closing while presenting). Listening is everything. God gave us two ears and one mouth so we could use them in that proportion in order to help us to learn how to trust each other. Listening develops character, and is a self discipline which must be practiced. Listening means listening attentively, and practicing how to shut up (especially when asking for the sale) and learning to pause before replying. Seven steps towards relationship building include: never criticising, never complain, never condemn, always approve, accept and appreciate with admiration the beliefs and opinions of clients. And, give them the attention and agreement they need from you. Building MEGA CREDIBILITY means everything counts. Every piece of evidence that proves a clients delight with the company or sales person must be recorded as precisely, concisely and clearly as possible. Photos, highlighted letters, testimonials etc, must be maintained in a presentation format for future customers to absorb before the sales person even starts talking about his/her product. When it comes to people buying from you, there seems to be a Law of Duality, of primary and secondary, of reasons that sound good and the real more subtle hidden reasons. Find the secondary reasons then you’ve found the green ‘hot’ button to trigger the client to buy from you. A salesperson should think like a doctor and ask, â€Å"Where does it hurt†? The goal is to take the pain away, do the deeds that solve the most pressing needs. This means discovering the both the primary positive motivators, and really working on that one big green button on his chest. We must remember our clients make most of their judgments about us within the first four seconds of meeting us. It’s almost as if their final judgments of us are made in those four seconds. And they certainly confirm those judgments as soon as we open our mouths. So leave nothing to chance dress, smile, smell, appear, time, stand perfectly before the client. Prospecting is the filling of the sales pipeline. One good way to fill the pipeline is to examine past clients: what do they all have in common that made them buy from you in the first place? What are they all attempting to avoid or achieve? When phone prospecting, the first objective is simply to sell an appointment (to get ten minutes of time to meet face to face). A well formulated opening statement such as the idea, benefit or result of what is being sold must be developed, such as, â€Å"would you be interested in a 100% written guarantee that your property will be sold for the highest possible price and without costing you absolutely any money in the process?†. Never tell over the phone how this is done, simply ask for the time to show how it’s done. Presenting in sales is made easier by examining and diagnosing the client first. But the sale is made in the presentation too, which means although the presentation makes only a fraction of the effort required to win the sale, the effort to win in the presentation is made easier by the understanding the green hot button needs of the client first. It means simply â€Å"Gap Analysis† – be the detective that finds the problem, then let’s the client feel how wide that gap is, and how you’re going to bridge that gap with a solution. The most important element of presenting is simply this: never say a thing if you can ask it. Telling is not selling. A salesperson telling may not be wrong; it’s just that it’s coming from the wrong person (the salesperson). The client should discover the solution for themselves. Use open ended questions to open up conversation, use closed ended questions to narrow the conversation to a concluding close. It’s important to listen to the customer’s unspoken words. Why should I listen to you? What is it? What’s in it for me? So what? Who says so? Who else has done it? The key is mega credibility, such as photos of delighted clients sticking sold stickers on their For Sale boards with their agency’s team. Closing is likened to golf, you ‘drive for show, but you putt for dough’. And objections from the customer are not a bad sign. Objections are good, they indicate interest and you should be excited to receive them. Objections should be received with an acknowledgement and respect of the customers’ feelings and opinions. All objections could be categorised into six groups: price, performance, follow-up service, competition, support, warranties and assurances. Answers to these groups should be bullet proof. Early objections must be found and answered immediately, preferably before the launch of a presentation. It’s no good having these objections rattling around in the minds of prospects during the presentation. Always handle objections diplomatically, such as, â€Å"obviously you have a good reason for saying that. Do you mind if I ask what it is?† Objections are the rungs on the ladder of success. As prospects hesitate or procrastinate the question needs to be asked, â€Å"There seems to be some question in your mind that’s causing you to hesitate about getting started with us today. Do you mind if I ask what it is?† These type of questions need to asked until the client has exhausted all his/her objections. Then it could be said, â€Å"With us now understanding all the facts, would you be ready to go ahead now†? And where people have to refer the decision to a higher authority, â€Å"rather than waste your time tomorrow, let’s makes that a condition of providing our service to you. We’ll write than up exactly as you want to, subject to you speaking with xxx, and at least that way, when won’t be wasting each others time having to go over every all over again another day, you wouldn’t want to have to do that would you?† Sometimes the client simply feel (or thinks) he/she cannot reveal the reasons to not going ahead. So that’s where we use reverse psychology. We get up and leave. We leave them, just get up and say thanks for your time, and say, â€Å"It would really help me with my other customer if I know exactly where I went wrong in my presentation to you.† Some good closes for the how much question include, â€Å"that’s the best part, if we’re not exactly right for you at anytime, then there is no charge†! Keeping in mind that to some clients price is the major factor, so, â€Å"Is price your only concern†, and â€Å"Are you going to make a decision in this areas solely on the basis of price’? Also ask, â€Å"How much too much does it cost?† Followed by, â€Å"isn’t it true you probably get what you paid for†? And â€Å"did you ever get anything cheap that turned out to be good†? Then close with, would you let us handle everything from here† AND remain silent, shut up, locks eyes with the client and remain zipped for easily over five minutes is you have too. Some errors when closing include: arguing, personal opinions, knocking the competition, overselling and assuming too much authority. Some obstacles include: negative expectations, lack of sincerity, being on completely different wavelengths or just simply a personality clash. Buying signals include the client asking for more technical or for finer details about service. The customer’s body language may change to the tea kettle position (that’s a new one) and chin rubbing. Perhaps the client will start calculating numbers or suddenly become friendly. What ever the indications, these are ‘yes’ statements, so they need to be seized upon, that is what the client is asking for. And that basically covers what I found most compelling from chapters one to ten. Finally, â€Å"What’s past is prologue† (Shakespeare). Research Papers on Advanced Selling Strategies - Business 500 Level Book SummaryIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseThree Concepts of PsychodynamicAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanThe Project Managment Office SystemResearch Process Part OneComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoEffects of Television Violence on Children

Union bank of norway for MKTG 4760 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Union bank of norway for MKTG 4760 - Essay Example These gave the bank the advantage over its competitors and remain affected by the economic turmoil. The above strategy of the company also bought about a crisis. As customers were offered automated ways to use their services, they now did not have to physically come to the bank. This meant that the staffs in the various branches were not able to have direct communication with the customers. That is, the bank no more had direct access to its customer and in turn did not know what their customers wanted. This was a dangerous place to be in for any business. A business can only sustain and grow only by knowing what the customer wants and according developing the business. Hence, it was very important for the bank to find a way out of this crisis. In order to come out of this crisis the company had to consolidate the information (customer data) available to them about the customers through its automated services. But the main problem here was that the customer data was spread across many systems and it would take days to accumulate and consolidate this data. The bank concluded that the only way to overcome this was to get a have all the customer data from different systems at one place. This would give them the complete view of the customers. The bank then acquired a data warehouse with the aim of consolidating the customer data from various systems and makes it available to its employees on a single centralised platform where they could analyse it. This helped the bank in numerous ways. The bank was now able to identify who their customers were, their interests, their buying behaviour, etc. This also gave the bank the 360-degree view of the customer. The bank was now in a better position to understand what their customers wanted and designs their products and services accordingly. The data warehouse solved the problem of not understanding the customer but the communication with customer was still a problem. Hence, in order to overcome this, the bank

Marketing Planning and Strategy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Marketing Planning and Strategy - Assignment Example Marketing as a process entails combination of the four, marketing strategies, which include;Marketing as a process entails combination of the four, marketing strategies, which include;   -Identification of the product, its selection, and development   -The process of determining the product’s value   -Identification of a mode of distributing the product to the consumer.   -The process of developing and implementing a strategy for promoting the product to the consumers   Marketing is, therefore, the process of acquiring the appropriate skills that improve the marketing process. The marketing professional entails the acquisition of skills that allow the individuals to associate effectively with the target market (Payne, 2002).Q2. Enrollment to a marketing program is a need since it an important course in that, after completion, will allow an individual to peruse a career efficiently by use of the skills acquired in the program. In addition, the course will assist in ac quiring basic skills that enhance effective communication and relation with various individuals (Danie, 2014).Q3. The consumers of a given product have the needs and want to satisfy through purchasing a particular product and the marketer is responsible for convincing the consumer on how the product will satisfy their needs and wants (Dierksmeier, 2013).Q4. No. this is because marketers evaluate the product and the needs, which it can satisfy before deciding on the target market.Q5. Apple serves as a perfect company that effectively focuses on its target market while Motorola electronics does not have a specific target market.

Financial Reporting Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Financial Reporting - Assignment Example The involvement of the all stakeholders, the identification of the economic status, financial identification and effective transmission of the components of the financial reports outlines the main characteristics of effective and good quality financial reports (Helen and Gary 2001, P. 57). Although conventional financial statement systems are still effective in providing financial reports in an organisation, the adoption of contemporary financial reporting techniques and policies have proved to be more valuable and cost-effective. Organisations provide financial reports to facilitate the successful creation of practical regulatory policies and for procurement authorisation. To address the issues of finance reporting extensively, International Trade Organisations have developed various policies aimed at harmonising the global financial reporting process for the benefit of global economic development. One such initiative was the formation of International Accounting Standards (IAS 10) to harmonise accounting practices across the globe. The main aim of the IAS 10 policy framework was to prescribe the most effective timeframe for adjusting financial statements for an organisation and to enable the identification of necessary disclosure requirements regarding the date for financial statement authorisation and the events that followed the reporting period. The standard stipulates that, an organisation should not prepare financial reports based on going-concerns. The International Accounting Standards (IAS 10) offers an explanation of the events that occur after the finance reporting date. The standard is also exceptionally decisive in explaining various activities that occur instantaneously after reporting period. Definitions Events after the reporting period- This entails the inauspicious and constructive happenings that takes place after the end of the reporting date and before the date of authorisation of the financial statement. Adjusting Events These are events that offer comprehensive evidence to support the occurrences that take place at the end of the reporting date. Adjusting events also incorporates the events that relate to the inappropriateness of the going concerns assumption in the entire or part of the financial plan (Evans, 2000, p.535). Non-Adjusting Events These are events that reveal the conditions that occur after the termination of the reporting date and do not interfere with the organisation’s financial report. These events occur at the end of the reporting period. However, these events should not be allowed to inference with the absolute finance reporting. The Scope of the Provision This standard is only appropriate in the entire accounting process, at the disclosure and in the analysis of events that occurs after the reporting time. Objective of International Accounting Standard (IAS 10) This provision is aimed at prescribing the most appropriate time for adjusting financial statements for events that might take p lace after the reporting period. The provision also offers a description of the necessary disclosures regarding the financial statement authorisation and the impact of the events that take place after the reporting date to the organisation finance report. The provision is as well expected to ensure that no organisation prepares its financial reports on a going concern basis. This occurs in the scenario where,

Effects of Donald Trumps Trade Policy

Effects of Donald Trumps Trade Policy Normative Effects and Prospects on President Donald Trump’s Protectionism Abstract A newly elected president of the United States of America, Donald Trump has been acknowledged for several radical policies. Concerns from all over the world for his protectionism has risen as he took steps to enforce policies. The United States has been reviewing free trade agreements (FTA) with numerous countries, attempting to impose a tax on foreign products so, domestic manufacturing industries could able to compete and outsell. In short term, it would create the instant profit. There were mainly two concepts of protectionism; imposing a tax on foreign products, and limiting the number of imported goods. However, there were professional worries internationally, even inside of this country as well. There were feasibilities to lose domestic corporations’ willingness to invest in research and development and competitiveness in other countries, resulting in degeneration of domestic industry. Foundation of Study Donald Trump’s Presidential election attracted worldwide attention. There are lots of views that are conflicting each other on the new U.S President’s political outlook. Protectionists argue that protection will lead to greater prosperity and strength (Merry, 2016). Trump’s base is profoundly suspicious of American engagement abroad. He opposed stubbornly of Clinton on foreign policy. He has doubted what the U.S. gets out of core alliances with NATO, Japan and South Korea (Powell, 2016). One the other hand, anti-protectionists assert that the changed policy will boost the rate of inflation and ultimately depress U.S exports. This new condition is an ill bode for the proposed twelve-nation Trans-Pacific Partnership, designed to usher in a new generation of free-trade deals (Merry, 2016). This research examines how Trump’s shift in trade policy will affect U.S. Background of the Problem Protectionism is the opposite term with free trade that is trying to close and isolate its country by giving control, like taxing goods and services made from overseas. Trump wants to protect American manufacturers and workers by throwing away the free-trade principle. All of the policies regarding international trade, protectionism in this research, such as the decision to withdraw from the TPP, decision to renegotiate NAFTA and FTA, and decision to impose great amount of tariffs (Panchak, 2016), contain strength and weakness, and entail positive and negative impact on global economy: Therefore, politicians must undergo prudence process of thinking and meeting in every respect, includes (a) advantages on protectionism, (b) disadvantages on protectionism, (c) opposite policy’s merits and demerits (free trade), and (d) solution. Problem Statement The United States, as well as other various countries, had taken action to protect their home industries after the global financial debacle. The international financial crisis caused not only economic uncertainty about the world economy, but also delay on economic recovery after the global financial debacle. Especially, the United States posted a huge amount of trade deficit for several years (Hannon, 2016). Trump attributes the cause to other partner countries. For example, he blames that China had been manipulated their currency selfish interest, and exerts his pressure to administration to trading partners. â€Å"Donald Trump says he’ll declare soon after he takes office that China is a currency manipulator because it is devaluing the yuan against the dollar. He may want to rethink that. These days China is intervening in the capital markets to prevent the yuan from going into free fall. The currency is now close to an eight-year low, down 12% from its peak in January 2014 (Wall Street, 2016).† Today’s enthusiastic debate over US trade policy with the vast tariff debate of the late 19th century. The 2016 presidential campaign trumpets the return of protectionism. Mirroring the paranoia of Republicans past, those who support free trade initiatives are now charged with being part of a great conspiracy to attenuate American democracy (Palen, 2016). The central research question examined in this study is the following: How will the revised policies, originated from â€Å"Make America Great Again† campaign, affect the U.S and other countries? Presentations of Findings Protectionism helps domestic industry in competition by charging high imported tax to foreign products. There is unfortunate story that imports killing the Mon Valley caused by the free trade. It states, â€Å"The more I read of local businesses and factories shutting down, workers being laid off, towns dying as imports soared. The more I began to ask myself, the price of free trade in painful† (Merry, 2016). However, Protectionism’s negative effects would hit even more to the U.S. – the world’s largest economy – while restricting export markets, increasing prices of imported goods and services for consumers and producers. Even for the U.S., three quarters of the world market in financial terms, and 95 percent of the world’s customers in people terms, lies outside its borders, it is not just a domestic matter. A protectionist U.S. economy focused only on its domestic market can never match the advantages of orientation to a global economy. Fo r Germany, 95 percent of its potential market is outside its borders, for Brazil 97 percent, for Australia 98 percent, and for Thailand over 99 percent. Such countries, therefore, applaud Xi Jinping’s unequivocal defense of globalization, not because of deference to China but from national self-interest because globalization really is â€Å"win-win† (Ross, 2017). One of the most important factor when choosing products among different brands, price takes a key role. No one would not want to pay more for the same quality of goods. For example, if the custom of the United States of the America imposes to the automobile of the Japan, not many customers want to buy Toyota’s Camry for forty thousand dollars when you could have Ford’s Fusion with the half price of Japanese cars’. In a first glance, it looks feasible and domestic companies gain the advantages in competition. However, there is a possibility that domestic corporations lose the willingness to invest in research and development (R&D) because they do not need them. If you can win the competition with less or no efforts, you do not want to struggle in R&D. There is an English example in the early era of the car industry. In England, when the automobile was developed in the 1990s, horse cars and automobile were competing. Due to the repulsion of horse car owners, the House of Parliament enacts the law limiting the speed of automobile that cars cannot outrun the horse cars. The law had been enforced for twenty years, leading the failure to compete in the automobile industry. This example does not relate with the protectionism, but it gives a lesson when there is no competition, the competitiveness do not get stronger nor stay the same, it degenerates. In order to remain our competitiveness, ironically, domestic companies should struggle with others. Worse thing than losing competitiveness is other countries can do what we do. If we can impose taxes on foreign imports, they also can impose taxes on American products. Smooth-Hawley Tariff of 1930, for instance, which raised duties on some twenty thousand imported goods, in some instances to record levels. American economists had petitioned the president to veto the bill as economic poison. â€Å"Countries cannot permanently buy from us unless they are permitted to sell to us,† said the economists, echoing the views of that rustic Texan, Roger Mills, and the more we restrict the importation of goods from them by means of even higher tariffs the more we reduce the possibility of our exporting to them (Merry, 2016). Furthermore, we are already losing money on foreign markets, and if we lose our competitiveness for imposed taxes, we would never compete with anyone. The functioning structure of American economy is not supported by manufacturing. We make fortune from the Informat ion Technology (IT), out of state technologies, and finance. For example, Trump administration is reviewing the FTA between South Korea and the United States. We think we are not making fortune for the military we offer for them, and the products we export to them. Stupidly, it is not true that even though we are losing a fortune in trading our goods, but we sell our weapons. I am not talking about small firearms, but I am talking about the fighter flights, Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) systems and so on. The deployment of Terminal High Altitude Area Defense is in South Korea. The approval of the South Korean government to deploy  THAAD  in the country in response to the intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) test of North Korea (LEE, 2017). At the end, we win the war while we lost some battles, losing hundreds of million dollars while earning hundreds of billion dollars. For another example, Mexico is currently the 3rd largest goods trading partner of the US, w ith $531 billion in bilateral goods trade during 2015. Goods exports totaled $236 billion; goods imports totaled $295 billion. â€Å"Interestingly, 40 per cent of the parts in a typical Mexican product originate in US, illustrating that Mexico (and other countries such as Canada) are integrated into the US global supply chains, according to the Commerce Department. Hence, around 6 million US jobs depend on trade just with Mexico, according to the US Chamber of Commerce. Thus, tariffs on Mexican products could ultimately lead to loss of jobs in the US and degenerate the US economy, in addition to the impact on consumers (Shawn, 2017). There is a way to implement the protectionism that limiting the number of foreign goods. If there is a limit of the number of imports, there are limits of the fortune that the foreign countries would make. Likewise, it is a very shortsighted idea, resulting in degeneration of domestic industry again. The invisible hand is well-known terminology for the free market that the economy is controlled by the supply and the demand. Every time the government tried to manipulate for its own favor, the results did not follow the expectation like a football ball. Multiple economists and analysts expressed their pessimism about the potential benefits of protectionism, a trend that is expected to increase in line with populist political movements in Europe and the US. â€Å"Past practice shows that trade protection is both costly and ineffective. High tariffs translate into higher prices both for consumers and companies. Protectionism disproportionately hurts poorer households who spend a greater share of income on traded goods,† said Gary Hufbauer, Senior Fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics, and former deputy assistant secretary for international trade and investment policy of the US Treasury (Shawn, 2017). There is a point that the United States was a young and lively nation, rich in resources and geographical advantages, populated by a robust and expansionist people, beneficially situated upon the American continent, facing two oceans. Its destiny seemed secure irrespective of fiscal policies at any given time or the political passions unleashed by the tariff issue (Merry, 2016). Reflections Trumps protectionism would lead negative impacts on domestic and international industries. We must think if we can do on foreign goods, then they also can do on domestic exports like imposing taxes or limiting the number of products. I admire his effort to vitalize United States’ economy with politics, however, his protectionism has too many risks that might result in the collapse of the economy like the one of Japan in the late 1990’s. There was a long-term stagnation and instability of the Japanese economy in the 1990s (so called â€Å"lost decade†). Especially of the protracted deflation and insufficient final domestic consumption, the asset price bubble collapse at the beginning of the 1990s has probably activated and amplified impacts of other complicated processes in the economy. The blast of the bubble has negatively impacted both Japanese financial sector and production and investment activity of Japanese companies and so on (Zuzana, 2012). It is not the government who make decisions to make the America great again with the strong economy, but it is the corporate themselves with lots of creative ideas and competitiveness to compete with foreign businesses. Conclusion To sum up, such a considerable alteration in policy, strategy and tactics will hardly be easy. It will meet strong headwinds in today’s domestic political climate (Ezrati, 2016). We do not know the consequences of our protectionism policy to the domestic economy and international markets. Although there are concerning voices against the policy, quoting trial and error of foreign countries, we would not know the results until we know the result. Some dislike not the only protectionism for losing our ability to fight against others, but also eventually we lose the competition at the end as result of a negative cycle of degeneration induced from eliminated benefits from the fair competition. These might be the reasonable concerns, however, we cannot ignore the instant impact the protectionism would have to our economy because the crowd has spoken with the media of vote. Trump was elected thanks to his radical policies, including the protectionism, and that is what the majority of people want in the United States. As the president of this country, he has to implement what he promised to us during the election. If the protectionism is going to lead bad sequences of our economy, he should reconsider the foreign policies but that is not the end of his job. He needs to come up with different policies pertaining to both domestic and international businesses to facilitate to get out from the era of economic depression. When you watch the news, there are still protestors against Trumps administration, nevertheless, if he can make America great again, the voices against him would disappear along with the concerns questioning his ability as our president. Politics and economy are like betting for the gamble. Even though you have all data and calculated expectation, still players bet for the probabilities. What they do is eliminate the unlikelihood and maximize the probability of what they bet. Protectionism is a gigantic bet playing where participants are coming from the all of the worlds. Alea Iacta Est; it is a dice is cast in Latin. Trump’s protectionism would have impacts on the domestic economy and foreign countries. We do not know the future yet hope these policies make America great again. References Ezrati, M. (2016). Defending free trade. National Interest, 144, 51-55. Hannon, P. (2016, November 26). Global trade rebound threatened by protectionism after trump victory. Wall Street Journal, 1. LEE, B. (2017). THAAD deployment in South Korea. Harvard International Review, 38, 34-37. Merry, R. W. (2016). Protectionism in America. National Interest, 146, 28-36. Palen. M (2016). The return of protectionism. History Today, 66, 6. Panchak, P. (2016). Trump and trade. Industry Week/IW, 265, 6. POWELL, B. (2016). How’s that gram you?. Newsweek Global, 167, 12-15. Ross, J. (2017). Weeks when decades happen: Global thought leadership passes from the U.S. to China at Davos. China Today, 66, 40-43. Shawn, T. (2017). The promise and the peril of the Trump economy.  Fortune, 175. Zuzana, S. (2012). Japan’s lost decade: On the development of the Japanese economy in the 1990s.  Journal of International Relations,  4. (2016). Trump’s Chinese currency manipulation. Wall Street Journal.

Generic Skills in Career and Technical Education :: Skills Work Careers Essays

Generic Skills in Career and Technical Education Career and Technical Educators Employ a Variety of Strategies for Teaching Generic Skills The Secretary's Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills (SCANS) identified the general skills that most workplaces require, thus providing a basis for programs that prepare students for employment. Reform programs such as Tech Prep and High Schools that Work strive to incorporate these "generic" skills as they offer students a rigorous academic background, technological literacy skill development, and learning experiences that are situated in the context of real-world environments (Pucel 1999). Integrated academic and CTE programs and contextual learning efforts offer similar opportunities to promote the learning of generic skills by linking them to specific workplace and social practices. Workplace learning experiences are another way of highlighting generic skill development by placing students in job situations where these generic skills are used in combination with occupational or technical skills. Although the United States has adopted a variety of strategies for the teaching of generic skills, it is not the only country to do so. Canada, Australia, and the United Kingdom have initiated similar programs to address generic skill development. In Australia, integrated curriculum that infuses literacy into specific vocational courses has served to illustrate the necessity of contextualized, multiple literacies (Searle et al. 1999). Case Studies to Advance Skills and Employability, a project conducted at the Universities of Northumbria and Newcastle, emphasized the development of employability skills within the academic curriculum (Holmes and Miller 2000). The contextual integration of employability skills into curriculum has become a recent trend in Canada and the United Kingdom (Overtoom 2000). Although there is evidence that generic skills are being taught in schools, there is great ambiguity about what they are. Many terms have been used to describe them: key skills, core skills, transferable skills, personal transferable skills, and employability skills. The list of skills defined by whatever term is being used varies across countries; however, most lists include communication skills, interpersonal and social skills, organization and planning skills, problem-solving skills, creative thinking, literacy, and technology skills. The Australian key competencies add "cultural understanding" as a generic skill (Werner 1995). Most attempts to define generic skills more closely "have resulted in a plethora of superficially similar but often significantly different lists" (Drummond, Nixon, and Wiltshire 1998, p. 20). Guile (2002) contends that definitions of generic skills are grounded in the complexity of relationship that they imply, which in turn directs how the skills are being taught.